Note: Single-source report; awaiting corroboration.
Human activity is the main cause of most wildfires across Europe, yet their spread, speed, and intensity are strongly influenced by warmer, drier conditions linked to climate change and changing land use, according to UN reports.
In 2026, more than 600,000 hectares burned in European Union countries within the first eight months. This amount is lower than in 2025—which remains the worst year on record—but far exceeds the 20-year average of about 280,000 hectares. UN agencies stress the importance of preparing for wildfires given these figures.
Countries traditionally prone to wildfires, such as France and Spain, continue to face risks, but unusually dry conditions are raising the threat in Western and Central Europe, including the United Kingdom and southern Scandinavia. The developing El Niño climate phenomenon may compound these risks by influencing temperatures and rainfall, increasing the likelihood of climate extremes.
A wildfire in Scotland's Cairngorms mountains during mid-July highlights these challenges. Although the area has experienced fires before, exceptionally dry conditions allowed the fire to penetrate peat layers, causing persistent hotspots and flare-ups that complicated containment. Over 500 firefighters and aerial support were deployed, with bulldozers creating firebreaks. High winds pushed the fire toward the village of Nethy Bridge, prompting evacuation orders for many of its 600 residents and a major incident declaration by Police Scotland. Firefighting efforts continued for over a month before crews were stood down.
UN agencies continue to support European countries as wildfire risks grow and spread into regions historically less affected, emphasizing the need for increased preparedness and adaptation to climate-driven changes.