Note: Single-source report; awaiting corroboration.
Wildfires, caused by natural events or human activity, are becoming more frequent and pose health risks even to people far from the fire. Smoke from these fires can travel hundreds of miles, carrying particulate matter that irritates the eyes, nose, and throat and penetrates deep into the lungs. This exposure may worsen breathing difficulties, especially for those with heart or lung conditions, and may enter the bloodstream, increasing risks of heart attack and stroke, according to Dr. Aubrey Miller from NIH.
When wildfires reach populated areas, they may burn streets, buildings, and materials containing plastics, heavy metals, and arsenic, adding to the health hazards for communities.
Long-term exposure to wildfire smoke may contribute to diseases including cancer and dementia. Studies suggest that pregnant women exposed to smoke have higher chances of preterm births or low birth weight, potentially affecting child development. Mental health issues like anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder may also increase after natural disasters such as wildfires.
Researchers continue to explore ways to better measure and respond to wildfire exposure, including its effects when combined with other extreme weather events like heat waves. These efforts aim to reduce both immediate and long-term health impacts associated with wildfires.