Note: Single-source report; awaiting corroboration.
Palestinians in the occupied Palestinian territory are facing systematic and severe abuse by Israeli settlers and Hamas forces, according to the Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory and Israel. Commission chair Srinivasan Muralidhar stated both parties deliberately inflict suffering on Palestinian civilians, though their origins differ and they operate within environments shaped by Israeli policies.
The report highlights a rise in settler attacks in the West Bank, noting at least seven Palestinians were killed and 832 injured in the previous year—a 130% increase compared to 2024. Israeli authorities are reported to be directly involved in these attacks through financial and military support, while granting impunity from prosecution. Settler violence appears intended to entrench Israeli settlements, annex Palestinian territory, and displace Palestinians from their land.
Cases were documented where settlers assaulted, abducted, and abused Palestinian children, including incidents while they were on their way to school or tending animals. Sexual violence, or threats thereof, have been used by settlers as a tactic to instill fear and humiliate Palestinians. One incident involved settlers attacking Palestinians in Khirbeit Humsa, where women and girls were beaten and threatened with rape if they did not leave. Additionally, a man was reportedly stripped, sexually assaulted, and paraded while being beaten. Authorities arrested seven persons in relation to this attack, but no known investigations or judicial outcomes have occurred.
In Gaza, the Commission identified 249 cases of executions and severe physical violence carried out between 2024 and 2025 by Hamas-affiliated forces. These incidents resulted in at least 108 deaths and 384 injuries. The harsh punishments included executions, kneecapping, bone-breaking with metal pipes or cement bricks, and beatings. The perpetrators reportedly framed these acts as punishment for alleged collaboration with Israel or looting humanitarian aid.