Note: Single-source report; awaiting corroboration.
In 2025, an estimated 1.2 million people acquired HIV, and 570,000 died from AIDS-related illnesses, while 22% of people living with HIV still lack treatment, according to a UNAIDS report.
The report highlights an 18% decline in international funding for HIV—the steepest drop in nearly two decades—which is forcing countries to reduce vital services and close community organizations crucial in fighting the epidemic.
Among recent medical advancements, lenacapavir, a long-acting injectable administered twice a year, shows nearly 100% effectiveness in preventing HIV infection. However, access remains limited due to high prices and patent protections. Generic versions could cost around $40 per person annually but are restricted by licensing agreements.
The paradox of significant scientific progress coinciding with funding and access challenges defines the ongoing 26th International AIDS Conference in Rio de Janeiro. Brazil, which contributed to clinical trials for lenacapavir, is excluded from authorization to produce generic versions, underscoring access inequities.
Variano Terto Jr., vice president of the Brazilian Interdisciplinary AIDS Association, emphasized that equitable and universal access remains distant due to high costs and patent monopolies, which he described as reinforcing the privatization of public knowledge.