Note: Single-source report; awaiting corroboration.
Rafael Mariano Grossi, Director General of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), stated the 2015 Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) between Iran and major world powers can no longer serve as the foundation for a new nuclear agreement. He explained that Iran’s nuclear program has advanced since the deal was implemented, requiring a new negotiation framework, according to a statement during a UN press conference at the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty review meeting.
Grossi also addressed concerns about Iran's enriched uranium reportedly buried under rubble from recent US and Israeli airstrikes. The IAEA last inspected highly enriched nuclear material in Iran in June 2025, sealing approximately 440 kilograms of uranium during that visit. Until inspectors regain access, the agency cannot verify current conditions.
At the same meeting, Executive Secretary Robert Floyd of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO) highlighted rising global tensions and the strain on multilateralism. He noted increased rhetoric about nuclear testing and use, underscoring the CTBTO's role in preventing nuclear weapons proliferation and development.
The CTBT, which bans all nuclear explosions worldwide, has gained near-universal support since opening for signature 30 years ago and has significantly reduced nuclear testing. Floyd described the treaty as establishing a strong norm against testing, backed by an extensive verification system.
However, the treaty has not entered into force, requiring ratification by nine key countries with nuclear technology—China, Egypt, India, Iran, Israel, North Korea, Pakistan, Russia, and the United States. These states have not all ratified the treaty, delaying its enforcement.